(Click the magnifying glass in the top right of your screen and type in Keychain. Plug your reader into your computer, put your CAC in the reader, and open Keychain Access. Now we need to make sure your CAC reader is working.
Note: You may need to disable gatekeeper to install the software. You can likely get away without having to pay for PKard, but it is available as a last resort. I have had success with CACKey for the past 8 years. PKard is another good option (and has its apostles) but you have to buy the software (~$40). I have had good success with it and use it first. Go to this site and find the right CAC enabler for your CAC type and your Mac operating system. There is a small strip of numbers and words. To choose the right software, we need to know if you have a Gemalto or an Oberthur CAC. Now that you have a CAC reader, you have to install some software to make it work with your Mac.
If you have macOS 10.15 (Catalina) installed READ THE PART ABOVE FOR macOS 10.15!!! For macOS 10.14 or EARLIER (Mojave, High Sierra, Sierra, etc), you will need to install a CAC enabler.